full transcript

From the Ted Talk by Kristin Poinar: What's hidden under the Greenland ice sheet?

Unscramble the Blue Letters

Just six years ago, we had no idea this glacier aquifer exsetid. The auqifer formed when snow mtles in the summer sun and trickles downward. It puddles up in huge pools. From there, the snow acts as an igloo, insulating this water from the cold and the wind above. So the water can stay hidden in the ice sheet in liuqid form year after year. The question is, what happens next? Does the water stay there forever? It could. Or does it find a way out to reach the global ocean? One possible way for the water to reach the borecdk and from there the oecan is a crevasse, or a crack in the ice. When cakrcs fill with water, the weight of the water forces them depeer and deeper. This is how fracking works to extract natural gas from deep within the earth. peuszresird fluids fracture rocks. All it takes is a crack to get started.

Open Cloze

Just six years ago, we had no idea this glacier aquifer _______. The _______ formed when snow _____ in the summer sun and trickles downward. It puddles up in huge pools. From there, the snow acts as an igloo, insulating this water from the cold and the wind above. So the water can stay hidden in the ice sheet in ______ form year after year. The question is, what happens next? Does the water stay there forever? It could. Or does it find a way out to reach the global ocean? One possible way for the water to reach the _______ and from there the _____ is a crevasse, or a crack in the ice. When ______ fill with water, the weight of the water forces them ______ and deeper. This is how fracking works to extract natural gas from deep within the earth. ___________ fluids fracture rocks. All it takes is a crack to get started.

Solution

  1. deeper
  2. aquifer
  3. bedrock
  4. existed
  5. melts
  6. cracks
  7. liquid
  8. ocean
  9. pressurized

Original Text

Just six years ago, we had no idea this glacier aquifer existed. The aquifer formed when snow melts in the summer sun and trickles downward. It puddles up in huge pools. From there, the snow acts as an igloo, insulating this water from the cold and the wind above. So the water can stay hidden in the ice sheet in liquid form year after year. The question is, what happens next? Does the water stay there forever? It could. Or does it find a way out to reach the global ocean? One possible way for the water to reach the bedrock and from there the ocean is a crevasse, or a crack in the ice. When cracks fill with water, the weight of the water forces them deeper and deeper. This is how fracking works to extract natural gas from deep within the earth. Pressurized fluids fracture rocks. All it takes is a crack to get started.

Frequently Occurring Word Combinations

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
ice sheet 14
greenland ice 6
aquifer water 5
sea level 5
level rise 5
ice flows 4
physics homework 3
ice sheets 3
glacier aquifer 3
liquid water 2
water hidden 2
numeric models 2
numeric model 2

ngrams of length 3

collocation frequency
greenland ice sheet 6
sea level rise 5
liquid water hidden 2

Important Words

  1. acts
  2. aquifer
  3. bedrock
  4. cold
  5. crack
  6. cracks
  7. crevasse
  8. deep
  9. deeper
  10. downward
  11. earth
  12. existed
  13. extract
  14. fill
  15. find
  16. fluids
  17. forces
  18. form
  19. formed
  20. fracking
  21. fracture
  22. gas
  23. glacier
  24. global
  25. hidden
  26. huge
  27. ice
  28. idea
  29. igloo
  30. insulating
  31. liquid
  32. melts
  33. natural
  34. ocean
  35. pools
  36. pressurized
  37. puddles
  38. question
  39. reach
  40. rocks
  41. sheet
  42. snow
  43. started
  44. stay
  45. summer
  46. sun
  47. takes
  48. trickles
  49. water
  50. weight
  51. wind
  52. works
  53. year
  54. years